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The Encyclopedia of Health Economics offers students, researchers and policymakers objective and detailed empirical analysis and clear reviews of current theories and polices. It helps practitioners such as health care managers and planners by providing accessible overviews into the broad field of health economics, including the economics of designing health service finance and delivery and the economics of public and population health. This encyclopedia provides an organized overview of this diverse field, providing one trusted source for up-to-date research and analysis of this highly charged and fast-moving subject area.Features research-driven articles that are objective, better-crafted, and more detailed than is currently available in journals and handbooks; Combines insights and scholarship across the breadth of health economics, where theory and empirical work increasingly come from non-economists; and Provides overviews of key policies, theories and programs in easy-to-understand language.

Encyclopedia of Health Economics

POST SECONDARY FOUR YEAR

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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF HEALTH ECONOMICS 3V

Duration

Duration Unit Of Measure

Transaction Type

Front Cover.

Half Title Page.

Title Page.

Copyright Page.

Editorial Board.

Contributors to Volume 1.

Guide to Using the Encyclopedia.

Subject Classification.

Preface.

Contents of All Volumes.

1: Abortion.

2: Access and Health Insurance.

3: Addiction.

4: Adoption of New Technologies, Using Economic Evaluation.

5: Advertising as a Determinant of Health in the USA.

6: Advertising Health Care: Causes and Consequences.

7: Aging: Health at Advanced Ages.

8: Alcohol.

9: Ambulance and Patient Transport Services.

10: Analysing Heterogeneity to Support Decision Making.

11: Biopharmaceutical and Medical Equipment Industries, Economics of.

12: Biosimilars.

13: Budget-Impact Analysis.

14: Collective Purchasing of Health Care.

15: Comparative Performance Evaluation: Quality.

16: Competition on the Hospital Sector.

17: Cost Function Estimates.

18: Cost Shifting.

19: Cost-Effectiveness Modeling Using Health State Utility Values.

20: Cost&#x2013;Value Analysis.

21: Cross-National Evidence on Use of Radiology.

22: Decision Analysis: Eliciting Experts&#x2019; Beliefs to Characterize Uncertainties.

23: Demand Cross Elasticities and &#x2018;Offset Effects&#x2019;.

24: Demand for and Welfare Implications of Health Insurance, Theory of.

25: Demand for Insurance That Nudges Demand.

26: Dentistry, Economics of.

27: Development Assistance in Health, Economics of.

28: Diagnostic Imaging, Economic Issues in.

29: Disability-Adjusted Life Years.

30: Dominance and the Measurement of InEquality.

31: Dynamic Models: Econometric Considerations of Time.

32: Economic Evaluation of Public Health Interventions: Methodological Challenges.

33: Economic Evaluation, Uncertainty in.

34: Education and Health.

35: Education and Health in Developing Economies.

36: Education and Health: Disentangling Causal Relationships from Associations.

37: Efficiency and Equity in Health: Philosophical Considerations.

38: Efficiency in Health Care, Concepts of.

39: Emerging Infections, the International Health Regulations, and Macro-Economy.

40: Empirical Market Models.

41: Equality of Opportunity in Health.

42: Ethics and Social Value Judgments in Public Health.

43: Evaluating Efficiency of a Health Care System in the Developed World.

44: Fertility and Population in Developing Countries.

45: Fetal Origins of Lifetime Health.

46: Global Health Initiatives and Financing for Health.

47: Global Public Goods and Health.

48: Health and Health Care, Macroeconomics of.

49: Health and Health Care, Need for.

50: Health and Its Value: Overview.

51: Health Care Demand, Empirical Determinants of.

52: Health Econometrics: Overview.

53: Health Insurance and Health.

54: Health Insurance in Developed Countries, History of.

55: Health Insurance in Historical Perspective, I: Foundations of Historical Analysis.

56: Health Insurance in Historical Perspective, II: The Rise of Market-Oriented Health Policy and Healthcare.

57: Health Insurance in the United States, History of.

58: Health Insurance Systems in Developed Countries, Comparisons of.

59: Health Labor Markets in Developing Countries.

60: Health Microinsurance Programs in Developing Countries.

61: Health Services in Low-and Middle-Income Countries: Financing, Payment, and Provision.

62: Health Status in the Developing World, Determinants of.

63: Healthcare Safety Net in the US.

64: Health-Insurer Market Power: Theory and Evidence.

65: Heterogeneity of Hospitals.

66: HIV/AIDS, Macroeconomic Effect of.

67: HIV/AIDS: Transmission, Treatment, and Prevention, Economics of.

68: Home Health Services, Economics of.

Title Page.

Contributors to Volume 2.

1: Illegal Drug Use, Health Effects of.

2: Impact of Income Inequality on Health.

3: Income Gap across Physician Specialties in the USA.

4: Incorporating Health Inequality Impacts into Cost-Effectiveness Analysis.

5: Incorporation of Concerns for Fairness in Economic Evaluation of Health Programs: Overview.

6: Infectious Disease Externalities.

7: Infectious Disease Modeling.

8: Inference for Health Econometrics: Inference, Model Tests, Diagnostics, Multiple Tests, and Bootstrap.

9: Information Analysis, Value of.

10: Instrumental Variables: Informing Policy.

11: Instrumental Variables: Methods.

12: Interactions between Public and Private Providers.

13: Intergenerational Effects on Health &#x2013; In Utero and Early Life.

14: Internal Geographical Imbalances: The Role of Human Resources Quality and Quantity.

15: International E-Health and National Health Care Systems.

16: International Movement of Capital in Health Services.

17: International Trade in Health Services and Health Impacts.

18: International Trade in Health Workers.

19: Latent Factor and Latent Class Models to Accommodate Heterogeneity, Using Structural Equation.

20: Learning by Doing.

21: Long-Term Care.

22: Long-Term Care Insurance.

23: Macroeconomic Causes and Effects of Noncommunicable Disease: The Case of Diet and Obesity.

24: Macroeconomic Dynamics of Health: Lags and Variability in Mortality, Employment, and Spending.

25: Macroeconomic Effect of Infectious Disease Outbreaks.

26: Macroeconomy and Health.

27: Managed Care.

28: Mandatory Systems, Issues of.

29: Market for Professional Nurses in the US.

30: Markets in Health Care.

31: Markets with Physician Dispensing.

32: Measurement Properties of Valuation Techniques.

33: Measuring Equality and Equity in Health and Health Care.

34: Measuring Health Inequalities Using the Concentration Index Approach.

35: Measuring Vertical Inequity in the Delivery of Healthcare.

36: Medical Decision Making and Demand.

37: Medical Malpractice, Defensive Medicine, and Physician Supply.

38: Medical Tourism.

39: Medicare.

40: Mental Health, Determinants of.

41: Mergers and Alliances in the Biopharmaceuticals Industry.

42: Missing Data: Weighting and Imputation.

43: Modeling Cost and Expenditure for Healthcare.

44: Models for Count Data.

45: Models for Discrete/Ordered Outcomes and Choice Models.

46: Models for Durations: A Guide to Empirical Applications in Health Economics.

47: Monopsony in Health Labor Markets.

48: Moral Hazard.

49: Multiattribute Utility Instruments and Their Use.

50: Multiattribute Utility Instruments: Condition-Specific Versions.

51: Noncommunicable Disease: The Case of Mental Health, Macroeconomic Effect of.

52: Nonparametric Matching and Propensity Scores.

53: Nurses&#x2019; Unions.

54: Nutrition, Economics of.

55: Nutrition, Health, and Economic Performance.

56: Observational Studies in Economic Evaluation.

57: Occupational Licensing in Health Care.

58: Organizational Economics and Physician Practices.

59: Panel Data and Difference-in-Differences Estimation.

60: Patents and Other Incentives for Pharmaceutical Innovation.

61: Patents and Regulatory Exclusivity in the USA.

62: Pay for Prevention.

63: Pay-for-Performance Incentives in Low- and Middle-Income Country Health Programs.

64: Peer Effects in Health Behaviors.

65: Peer Effects, Social Networks, and Healthcare Demand.

66: Performance of Private Health Insurers in the Commercial Market.

67: Personalized Medicine: Pricing and Reimbursement Policies as a Potential Barrier to Development and Adoption, Economics of.

Title Page.

Contributors to Volume 3.

1: Pharmaceutical Company Strategies and Distribution Systems in Emerging Markets.

2: Pharmaceutical Marketing and Promotion.

3: Pharmaceutical Parallel Trade: Legal, Policy, and Economic Issues.

4: Pharmaceutical Pricing and Reimbursement Regulation in Europe.

5: Pharmaceuticals and National Health Systems.

6: Pharmacies.

7: Physician Labor Supply.

8: Physician Management of Demand at the Point of Care.

9: Physician Market.

10: Physician-Induced Demand.

11: Physicians&#x2019; Simultaneous Practice in the Public and Private Sectors.

12: Policy Responses to Uncertainty in Healthcare Resource Allocation Decision Processes.

13: Pollution and Health.

14: Preferred Provider Market.

15: Preschool Education Programs.

16: Prescription Drug Cost Sharing, Effects of.

17: Price Elasticity of Demand for Medical Care: The Evidence Since the RAND Health Insurance Experiment.

18: Pricing and Reimbursement of Biopharmaceuticals and Medical Devices in the USA.

19: Pricing and User Fees.

20: Primary Care, Gatekeeping, and Incentives.

21: Primer on the Use of Bayesian Methods in Health Economics.

22: Priority Setting in Public Health.

23: Private Insurance System Concerns.

24: Problem Structuring for Health Economic Model Development.

25: Production Functions for Medical Services.

26: Public Choice Analysis of Public Health Priority Setting.

27: Public Health in Resource Poor Settings.

28: Public Health Profession.

29: Public Health: Overview.

30: Quality Assessment in Modeling in Decision Analytic Models for Economic Evaluation.

31: Quality Reporting and Demand.

32: Quality-Adjusted Life-Years.

33: Rationing of Demand.

34: Regulation of Safety, Efficacy, and Quality.

35: Research and Development Costs and Productivity in Biopharmaceuticals.

36: Resource Allocation Funding Formulae, Efficiency of.

37: Risk Adjustment as Mechanism Design.

38: Risk Classification and Health Insurance.

39: Risk Equalization and Risk Adjustment, the European Perspective.

40: Risk Selection and Risk Adjustment.

41: Sample Selection Bias in Health Econometric Models.

42: Searching and Reviewing Nonclinical Evidence for Economic Evaluation.

43: Sex Work and Risky Sex in Developing Countries.

44: Smoking, Economics of.

45: Social Health Insurance &#x2013; Theory and Evidence.

46: Spatial Econometrics: Theory and Applications in Health Economics.

47: Specialists.

48: Specification and Implementation of Decision Analytic Model Structures for Economic Evaluation of Health Care Technologies.

49: State Insurance Mandates in the USA.

50: Statistical Issues in Economic Evaluations.

51: Supplementary Private Health Insurance in National Health Insurance Systems.

52: Supplementary Private Insurance in National Systems and the USA.

53: Survey Sampling and Weighting.

54: Switching Costs in Competitive Health Insurance Markets.

55: Synthesizing Clinical Evidence for Economic Evaluation.

56: Theory of System Level Efficiency in Health Care.

57: Time Preference and Discounting.

58: Understanding Medical Tourism.

59: Unfair Health Inequality.

60: Utilities for Health States: Whom to Ask.

61: Vaccine Economics.

62: Value of Drugs in Practice.

63: Value of Information Methods to Prioritize Research.

64: Value-Based Insurance Design.

65: Valuing Health States, Techniques for.

66: Valuing Informal Care for Economic Evaluation.

67: Waiting Times.

68: Water Supply and Sanitation.

69: Welfarism and Extra-Welfarism.

70: What Is the Impact of Health on Economic Growth &#x2013; And of Growth on Health?.

71: Willingness to Pay for Health.

Index.

Front Cover.

Half Title Page.

Title Page.

Copyright Page.

Editorial Board.

Contributors to Volume 1.

Guide to Using the Encyclopedia.

Subject Classification.

Preface.

Contents of All Volumes.

1: Abortion.

2: Access and Health Insurance.

3: Addiction.

4: Adoption of New Technologies, Using Economic Evaluation.

5: Advertising as a Determinant of Health in the USA.

6: Advertising Health Care: Causes and Consequences.

7: Aging: Health at Advanced Ages.

8: Alcohol.

9: Ambulance and Patient Transport Services.

10: Analysing Heterogeneity to Support Decision Making.

11: Biopharmaceutical and Medical Equipment Industries, Economics of.

12: Biosimilars.

13: Budget-Impact Analysis.

14: Collective Purchasing of Health Care.

15: Comparative Performance Evaluation: Quality.

16: Competition on the Hospital Sector.

17: Cost Function Estimates.

18: Cost Shifting.

19: Cost-Effectiveness Modeling Using Health State Utility Values.

20: Cost&#x2013;Value Analysis.

21: Cross-National Evidence on Use of Radiology.

22: Decision Analysis: Eliciting Experts&#x2019; Beliefs to Characterize Uncertainties.

23: Demand Cross Elasticities and &#x2018;Offset Effects&#x2019;.

Encyclopedia of Health Economics.css-1p8rvzy{position:absolute;padding-left:8px;}

Encyclopedia of Health Economics