During the summer and fall of 1965, skirmishes between Indian and Pakistani troops increased and finally erupted into full conflict. A UN Security Council ceasefire on September 23 was observed by both sides leading to a restoration of the status quo ante and to resolve outstanding issues by negotiation.

The aftermath of the 1965 war saw a dramatic shift in Pakistan's security, particularly with the establishment of Ayub Khan's "triangular tightrope"--a tricky endeavor to maintain good ties with the U.S. while cultivating China and the USSR.

Over 16,000 pages of State Department Central Files for the 1963-1966 period--arranged chronologically on crucial subjects: political parties and elections, unrest and revolution, human rights, government administration, fiscal and monetary issues, national defense, foreign policy-making, wars and alliances, religion, culture, trade, industry, natural resources, and more-- make this collection a standard documentary resource for the study of a crucial period in the Cold War and the shifting alliances and alignments in South Asia