This title offers a comprehensive look at the world of illicit trade. Though mankind has traded tangible goods for millennia, recent technology has changed the fundamentals of trade, in both legitimate and illegal economies. In the past three decades, the most advanced forms of illicit trade have broken with all historical precedents and now operate as if on steroids, tied to computers and social media. In this new world of illicit commerce, which benefits states and diverse participants, trade is impersonal and anonymized, and vast profits are made in short periods with limited accountability to sellers, intermediaries, and purchasers. New technology, communications, and globalization fuel the exponential growth of dangerous forms of illegal trade, such as narcotics and child pornography. Demonstrating that illicit trade is a business the global community cannot afford to ignore and must work together to address, the title considers diverse ways of responding to this challenge.