The Fellowship of Reconciliation (FOR) was a Christian pacifist group founded in December 1914 as a direct result of World War I. The membership was originally, but not exclusively, non-conformist and Quaker. This collection consists of the minute books and early papers, including: General Committee minutes; Executive Committee minutes; records of the Literature Committee; the Propaganda Committee; the Christian Pacifist Management Committee; the World War One Committee; the Post-World War One Committee; and other documents. This collection documents the formation of the FOR, and gives a detailed record of its role during WWI, and its views on such key issues as conscription, appeasement and disarmament.

This collection consists of selected portions of the records of attorney Vernon Z. Crawford (1919–1986) and the Blacksher, Menefee and Stein law firm whose work represents a significant contribution to the shape of the civil rights movement in 20th century Alabama. Documents include legal documentation, complaints, petitions, requests, depositions, handwritten notes, correspondence, exhibits (maps, plans of school buildings, population diagrams), and surveys relating to cases on the following: discriminatory juror selection, civil rights violations (police harassment and brutality), discrimination in employment, school desegregation, and minority vote dilution.

John L. LeFlore (1903–1976) was the most significant figure in the struggle for black equality in Mobile, Alabama, throughout southern Alabama and Mississippi, and along the Florida Gulf Coast. Materials in the collection document LeFlore's prolific work in both public and private life. LeFlore was the first African American appointed to the Housing Board and, with J. Gary Cooper, was the first African American elected to the state legislature from Mobile since Reconstruction. The bulk of the materials date between 1961 and 1975.

This collection reproduces the transcripts of all the press conferences held by the U.S. secretaries of state from Charles Evan Hughes (1862–1948; 44th Secretary of State, 1921–1925) through Henry Kissinger (b. 1923; 56th Secretary of State, 1973–1977). These conferences are an important record of official U.S. foreign policy and its global influence from the interwar years to the Cold War and détente.

This collection records one of the most famous cases of the 20th century, which pitted lawyer Clarence Darrow (1857–1938) against the politician and fundamentalist William Jennings Bryant (1860–1925). The Scopes Case, formally known as The State of Tennessee v. John Thomas Scopes, took place in July 1925. The trial highlighted the ongoing debates in the United States between creationism and evolutionism, and involved a high school teacher, John T. Scopes (1900–1970), who was accused of teaching evolution at a school in Dayton, Tennessee. His trial became a highly controversial spectacle, sparking debates across the country. The so-called "Monkey Trial" became less about a law getting broken and more about whether science or religion should take priority in U.S. education.

The historical conflict between the Soviet Union and the United States, and the world events that served to influence relations between the two world powers are presented here. The documents in this substantial collection are drawn from major archival holdings and provide a rich sample of a half-century of Russian-American relations. They present to students of international affairs the raw material from which historical conclusions may be drawn on the most significant rivalry between two nations of the twentieth century.

The Maritime Customs Service of China (1854–1949) compiled and produced a huge number of publications from 1860 to 1949. These publications fall under six series: Statistical Series, Special Series, Miscellaneous Series, Service Series, Office Series, and Inspectorate Series. Out of these, the Statistical Series boasted the largest output. This collection incorporates the core of the Statistical Series, including Returns of the Import and Export Trade, 1859-1866; Returns of Trade at the Ports in China Open by Treaty, 1867-1881; Returns of Trade at the Treaty Ports and Trade Report, 1882-1919; Chinese Version of Return of Trade and Reports of Trade (missing 1885); Foreign Trade of China, 1920-1931; The Trade of China, 1932-1948 (bilingual); Decennial Reports on the Trade, Industries, etc, of the Ports Open to Foreign Commerce, and on the Condition and Development of the Treaty Port Provinces.

The Changing Men Collections (CMC) comprises the largest research collection of materials about the modern men’s movement in the United States and throughout the world. Over 400 vertical files document the development of the men’s movement during the last 25 years. Consisting of research materials on key issues affecting contemporary men, there is information on such topics as men’s consciousness raising, masculinity, initiation rites, men in therapy, men’s emotional healing, African American men, battered men, circumcision, anger management, ecomasculinity, teen fathers, relationships, shadow work, men’s supports networks, and the ManKind Project. The files also represent the work of a variety of diverse men’s groups from throughout the world, as well as conference proceedings from the American Men’s Studies Association, Chicago Men’s Gathering, National Conferences on Men & Masculinity, among others.

Published in cooperation with the Hagley Museum and Library, Wilmington, DE. The Association against the Prohibition Amendment (AAPA) and the Women's Organization for National Prohibition Reform (WONPR) were in the forefront of the movement to repeal Prohibition. The AAPA was founded in 1918 and by 1926 claimed a membership of 750,000. In 1928 the association began a sophisticated publicity campaign against Prohibition. It was joined by the WONPR, founded in 1929 by Pauline Morton Sabin, who rallied over one million women to the cause. After the anti-Prohibition organizations celebrated repeal in 1933, they disbanded, and their records were scattered. The papers of the AAPA published here were gleaned from the personal files of Pierre S. du Pont, his brother Irénée, and John Raskob. The WONPR papers come from the files of Alice Belin du Pont, who was active in that group. The entire collection includes the following: correspondence, minutes, financial reports, membership lists, records of lobbying activities, and publications and press releases issued by the AAPA and WONPR.

This collection reproduces 41 bound volumes of reports by the U.S. Immigration Commission, analyzing the heavy waves of immigration to America early in this century and their effects on the country. These reports provide detailed information on the various nationalities of immigrants -- including the Japanese -- and on how they managed to fit into U.S. society. The Immigration Commission was composed of four senators (including William P. Dillingham and Henry Cabot Lodge), three representatives, and three private citizens. Its reports cover a wide variety of topics: how immigrants affected U.S. industries, cities, and schools; steerage conditions; crime among immigrant groups; immigrant banks; prostitution; charity groups. Also examined are such controversial subjects as "changes in bodily form of descendants of immigrants" and "fecundity of immigrant women."

In 1988 the Gallup Organization conducted one of the most comprehensive political surveys ever undertaken during a presidential election year. From January through November, 33 polls tracked Americans' preferences among candidates and opinions on key issues. The resulting reports, all of which are provided in this collection, reveal how the public felt about not just the candidates themselves but also the nominating process, the political parties, and the advertising they used. Each report contains a written analysis of significant trends along with poll results for the various questions asked. 1988 Presidential Election Polls will give researchers in political science and contemporary history an unprecedented insight into the process.

When it was released in 1915, ‘The Birth of a Nation’ was a groundbreaking film that introduced new forms and cinematic techniques. Yet the film is more often referred to as “the most controversial film ever made in the United States.” The film was based on the novel ‘The Clansman: A Historical Romance of the Ku Klux Klan’ by Thomas Dixon, Jr., published in 1905. ‘The Birth of a Nation’ employs equal parts fiction and history as it follows two families over the course of several years through the American Civil War and Reconstruction. Study of the film is a must for those wishing to examine American social history, the Lost Cause, and attitudes toward African Americans prevalent throughout the United States in the early part of the twentieth century. The principal aim of this digital collection is the presentation of ‘The Birth of a Nation’ in the most authentic and complete form possible. This descriptive edition has chosen as its point of orientation the film in its first exhibited form, as shown at Clune’s Auditorium, Los Angeles, California, on February 8, 1915. The collection does not provide the film in its totality, but provides a shot-by-shot analysis, with annotations, that establishes as accurate an appreciation as possible of the film in its earliest exhibited state. The guide that accompanies the collection is critical to understanding the information provided with each scene

David Bailie Warden (1778-1845) emigrated to the United States from Ireland as a young man and became a respected member of the cultural, scientific, and diplomatic circles of his adopted nation. His writings on and interest in politics, literature, medicine, chemistry, natural science, and education resulted in lively correspondence with many leaders in these fields -- among them Jefferson, Gallatin, Baron Alexander von Humboldt, Joseph Gay-Lussac, Washington Irving, and Alexander Dallas Bache. These letters and manuscripts are published here for the first time.

From the moment he entered the United States in 1933, Albert Einstein was under constant surveillance by the FBI, which was alarmed by his advocacy of peace through world government and his support for Zionism. This file chronicles the daily activities and findings of agents assigned to Einstein over the years.

Joseph Kennedy, the patriarch of America's most famous family, achieved success in both the political and business arenas. As a businessman, Kennedy was involved in banking, shipbuilding, motion picture distribution, and real estate. His political activities included a stint as ambassador to Great Britain in the harrowing years leading up to World War II. This FBI file deals with aspects of Kennedy's life, mainly in the 1940s and 1950s. It includes FBI background checks as well as information concerning his close friendship with J. Edgar Hoover. This collection also contains snippets of information on Kennedy's sons: John, Robert, and Ted -- most notably of death threats made against Ted in 1968. Those interested in American social history, especially the 1940s and 1950s, will find this file useful and informative.

Robert F. Kennedy, U.S. attorney general from 1960 to 1964 and a presidential candidate in 1968, came under special scrutiny by the FBI because the bureau’s aging but popular director, J. Edgar Hoover, considered him a political enemy. The materials in this file document not only many of Robert Kennedy’s activities but also Hoover’s enmity toward him. In addition to coverage of Kennedy’s public appearances and speeches, the file includes allegations of an affair between him and Marilyn Monroe and details of his trip to Alabama to meet with Governor George C. Wallace. The second half of the file documents the infamous public feud over wiretapping, in which Hoover released to the press memorandums suggesting that Kennedy had authorized wiretaps as early as 1961. The strength of Hoover’s dislike for the young Kennedy is borne out by the unusually large number of marginal notes written by Hoover on bureau memorandums in the file. This collection thus sheds light on the careers of both Hoover and Robert Kennedy, plus the bureaucratic resistance the Kennedy administration faced in its attempts at reform in the 1960s.

The 164 files reproduced here were collected and maintained in Hoover's own office during his directorship, from 1924 to 1972. This unique collection contains extensive documentation, mostly derogatory, on such figures as John F. Kennedy and Martin Luther King, Jr. Several of the files also concern controversial FBI activities, such as attempts to discredit the civil rights movement. The files are arranged in the following categories: congressional, administrative, investigative, prominent persons, informative, policy, personnel, information from other agencies, presidential, and miscellaneous. Each file is preceded by an abstract prepared by the bureau.

This collection provides nine classic works on the efforts of U.S. scientists during World War II. The first eight volumes tell the history of the Office of Scientific Research and Development, while the ninth volume presents a model of relations between the state and science.

This collection makes widely available the complete transcripts of the controversial trial of three men for the assassination of Malcolm X. Reproduced here are records of the New York State Supreme Court, which include a full testimony of all witnesses, including two individuals who spoke in secrecy to hide their identities; preliminary motions, summations, the court’s charge, the verdicts, and the sentences; and a confession made years after the trial by one of the men convicted. The guide contains an introduction and a listing of contents, including names of witnesses and the dates they testified.

U.S. participation in the war, plus U.S. relations with Korea immediately before and after, is documented in this unique collection of never-before published documents produced by the Military History Section of the Far East Command.