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Lacking a tradition of political compromise that might forge a national consensus, Yugoslavia remained divided as World War II ended. More than three years of Nazi occupation yielded bloody fighting among three Yugoslav factions as well as with the invaders. Two results of that war had particular impact on the postwar condition of Yugoslavia. The first was a vivid new set of memories to kindle hostility between Serbs and Croats, the majority of whom had fought on opposite sides in the occupation years; the second was the emergence of the unifying war hero Tito, who became dictator of a nonaligned communist federation. After declaring independence from the Soviet alliance in 1948, Tito also modified Yugoslavia's Stalinist command economy by giving local worker groups limited control in a self-management system. Although ultimately dominated by the party, this system brought substantial economic growth and made Yugoslavia a model for the nonaligned world.
Czechoslovakia Crisis, 1968: The State Department's Crisis Files
The Czechoslovakia Crisis of 1968 was a watershed moment in world politics. The Soviet-led invasion was one of the more significant events in the decades long Cold War between the East and West. The occupation was the beginning of the end for the Czechoslovak reform movement known as the ���Prague Spring.��� The reform movement had been brewing for years, fed by economic problems as well as growing demands from Communist intellectuals for more freedom and pluralism within a socialist system. But it really gathered steam in January 1968, when the Communist Party's Central Committee replaced its hard-line First Secretary Antonin Novotny with the moderate reformer Alexander Dubcek, who eventually sided more and more clearly with the forces for change. In March, censorship was loosened and Novotny was relieved of his other function, President of the Republic. He was replaced by a career soldier, Ludvik Svoboda, whose last name in Czech means "freedom"-- a purely linguistic coincidence that countless posters and flyers during the invasion made use of, although Svoboda ultimately sided with opponents of reform. The State Department���s Executive Secretariat was responsible for creating a documentary record of various international crises during the 1960s. The documents in The Czechoslovakia Crisis, 1968: The State Department���s Crisis Files were collected and collated from a variety of State Department sources and represent an administrative history of the crisis. This collection includes almost a day-by-day record of the events, including the U.S. and the West���s response to the Soviet occupation and dismantling of the liberal reforms.
War on Poverty Community Profiles: Midwestern States
The Community Profiles provide an in-depth analysis of poverty in America with an extensive inventory of historical data at a local level. Each profile, composed as a narrative with statistical indices, contains information showing general poverty indicators, size and composition of the poor population, and selected aspects of geography, demography, economy, and social resources. Midwestern states in this collection include Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin.
County and Regional Histories & Atlases: Illinois
State and especially local history gives students a chance to understand the people, places and things around them with which they���re already familiar. Originally compiled and produced by publishers and subscriptions agents for area residents and patrons, the original histories are difficult-to-find materials. Included in this collection on California are ninety-seven titles covering eight cities and regions. These titles comprise tables and lists of vital statistics, military service records, municipal and county officers, chronologies, portraits of individuals, and views of urban and rural life not found anywhere else. The atlases provide additional information on land use, settlement patterns, and scarce early town and city plans.
Established in the late 1860s, the Shanghai Municipal Council (SMC) was the official governing body of the Shanghai International Settlement. Among the SMC subsidiaries were the police, power station, public health, and public works, controlling a large proportion of the settlement's businesses such as gas, water, and power supply, rickshaws, and tramways. It also regulated opium sales and prostitution until their banning in 1918 and 1920 respectively. The SMC was formed based on the votes of ratepayers in the settlement, meaning that the actual power of the SMC rested with the ratepayers themselves. This collection consists of the SMC annual reports and budgets compiled between 1867 and 1941, reports and documents produced by SMC departments such as fire control, police, public works, and public health, as well as minutes of Shanghai land renters and ratepayers meetings held from 1868 to 1893.
Colombia: Records of the U.S. Department of State, 1960-1963
The documents in this collection offer a snapshot of Colombia at the height of the Cold War. Numerous records track the impact of the Castro revolution in Cuba, for example: ���Colombia Tourist Agent Visits Embassy Regarding Prospective Travel of Colombians on Planned USSR Flights Between Havana and Moscow���; and naval equipment on loan: ���Colombian Navy would like to lease ��� from the United States Navy, under similar terms as those contained in the lease for the Floating Dry Dock.��� On the economy: National Coffee Federation tabulations (September 1960); and ���it was a sellers��� market during December for anyone holding dollars for sale as the Colombian peso continued to fall in relation to the dollar. The free market has advanced nervousness since October��� (15 January 1963).
War on Poverty Community Profiles: Southern States
The Community Profiles provide an in-depth analysis of poverty in America with an extensive inventory of historical data at a local level. Each profile, composed as a narrative with statistical indices, contains information showing general poverty indicators, size and composition of the poor population, and selected aspects of geography, demography, economy, and social resources. Southern states in this collection include Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, and West Virginia.
Daily Mail Historical Archive, 1896–2016*
This collection offers access to more than 100 years of this major UK national newspaper, viewable in full digital facsimile form, with copious advertisements, news stories, and images that capture twentieth-century culture and society, providing an important alternative perspective to other newspapers such as the Times (London).
Brazilian and Portuguese History and Culture: Oliveira Lima Library, Monographs
Brazilian and Portuguese History and Culture: Oliveira Lima Library, Monographs brings together approximately one million pages of monographs covering Brazilian and Portuguese history, indigenous peoples, international relations, ecology, economic development, medicine and public health, literature, and more from the mid-sixteenth to twentieth centuries.
Gale Presents: National Geographic Virtual Library National Geographic Magazine Archive, 1888-2020
With comprehensive, timely articles and legendary photos, this award-winning magazine documents life on our planet and beyond. Provide your students with over one hundred years of history through articles on culture, global events, nature, science, technology, anthropology, geography, and the environment, as well as gripping first-person accounts of epic exploration and discovery.
A continuation of National Geographic Magazine Archive, 1888-2015, its companion archive, National Geographic Magazine Archive, 2020-Current includes every article of National Geographic magazine from 2020 through current issues -- search the vivid photographs and historic articles as well as engaging videos and detailed maps.
Nineteenth Century Collections Online: Asia and the West
Researchers can explore rare government reports, diplomatic correspondence, periodicals, newspapers, treaties, trade agreements, NGO papers, and more within this resource, which covers such topics as British and US foreign policy and diplomacy; Asian political, economic, and social affairs; the Boxer Rebellion; missionary activity in Asia; and much more.
Smithsonian Collections Online: Evolution of Flight, 1784-1991
This collection sketches the "story behind the story" of man's desire to fly, including early flight, inventions, air races, the fighter pilot, the evolution of aerial weaponry, Germany's WWII jet program, the Cold War aviation race, and other flight-related developments and events critical to the history of science and technology and the military.
Refugees, Relief, and Resettlement: Forced Migration and World War II
Refugees, Relief, and Resettlement: Forced Migration and World War II chronicles the plight of refugees and displaced persons across Europe, North Africa, and Asia from 1935 to 1950 through correspondence, reports, studies, organizational and administrative files, and much more. It is the first multi-sourced digital collection to consider the global scope of the refugee crisis leading up to, through, and after World War II.
Sources in U.S. History Online: The Civil War
As part of the Sources in U.S. History Online series, which provides access to the essential primary source documents that tell the story of a nation's birth, challenges, and milestones, this collection illustrates life during the violent divide between north and south.
Explore the development of American literature in a changing culture through novels, short stories, romance, fictitious biographies, travel accounts, and sketches.
Crime, Punishment, and Popular Culture, 1790-1920
With 2.1 million pages of trial transcripts, police and forensic reports, detective novels, newspaper accounts, true crime literature, and related ephemera, this collection presents the broadest and deepest collection of materials supporting the study of nineteenth-century criminal history, law, literature, and justice. This quintessential resource enhances understanding of the intersection of law and society during a pivotal era of social change.
Women’s Studies Archive: Rare Titles from the American Antiquarian Society, 1820-1922
This collection gives researchers unprecedented access to over one million pages of female-authored work across a diverse range of both fiction and non-fiction.
Women's Studies Archive: Female Forerunners Worldwide, is a primary source archive focusing on individual women and organizations around the world who have broken new paths in society through business, social reform, popular culture, health care, and more.
Slavery and Anti-Slavery: A Transnational Archive: Part III: The Institution of Slavery
Further expanding the depth of coverage of the topic, Part III of this series explores, in vivid detail, the inner workings of slavery from 1492 to 1888. Through legal documents, plantation records, first-person accounts, newspapers, government records, and other primary sources, this collection reveals how enslaved people struggled against the institution. These rare works explore slavery as a legal and labor system, the relationship between slavery and religion, freed slaves, the Shong Masacre, the Dememara insurrection, and many other aspects and events.